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educational
What is silicone glue?
04
May
May
If you have this question, what is silicone? And what kind of adhesives are silicone adhesives? This article has taken an in-depth look at silicone adhesives and can lead you to the answer to your question.
What you read in this article:
What is silicon?
What is silicone glue?
How is silicone glue made?
What materials do silicone adhesives stick to?
All kinds of silicone adhesives
Application of silicone adhesives
silicone (polymer)
Silicon (in French: Silicium) or silicon (in English: Silicon) with the chemical symbol Si is a chemical element from the family of semi-metals.
The element silicon or silicium (with the written form Silicon) is the basis for making widely used synthetic polymers called silicone (with the written form Silicone) or polysiloxanes (in English: polysiloxanes).
Silicone or polysiloxane are synthetic polymers that are made after combining the silicon atom with oxygen and other elements such as carbon and hydrogen.
These polymers, which are available in liquid or rubber form, have high heat resistance in most cases and are used for applications such as: sealants and sealants, adhesives, lubricants, cooking appliances, as well as thermal and electrical insulation.
This synthetic polymer is used in the following cases:
Silicone oil
Silicone grease
Silicone rubber
Silicone resin
Silicone seal
Frederick Stanley Kipping, the discoverer of silicon, used the silicon chain instead of using carbon compounds during the production of plastic, which accidentally discovered the silicon family.
Silicon exists in two states, liquid and solid, which in both states are highly resistant to temperature and chemicals.
Silicone glue
According to the definition of silicone, we have understood to some extent the definition and properties of silicone adhesives.
The special properties of silicone make it an extremely elastic adhesive. Its elasticity and other properties remain unchanged at any temperature.
These adhesives have become one of the most widely used adhesives in the industry due to their high flexibility and resistance to temperature changes.
In the following, we will get to know how silicone adhesives are made
How is silicone glue made?
Silica, with the chemical formula SiO2, is the main material of silicone adhesives, this mineral is found in sand, soil, granite and rocks. Silica is a natural compound that occupies a quarter of the earth’s crust and is found everywhere in nature in the form of emerald, quartz, clay and glass.
Silica or silicon dioxide is a combination of silicon and oxygen in three main forms: quartz, tridymite and cristobalite.
Silica separation
The production of silicone adhesives begins with the separation of silicon from silicon. Silica can be found pure in some minerals. The most common place to find silica is in sand and quartz, and since silicon has a high melting point, it is difficult to extract it.
To extract silica, quartz ore, which consists of quartz and silica sand; They cut it into 25 mm sizes and then grind it.
When all the materials are ground into small sizes, they are first ground, then washed and floated, so that the resulting quartz sand is screened for impurities.
In the last step, silicon is extracted by heating pure sand, and because the melting temperature of silicon is very high, the sand must be heated to 1800 degrees Celsius.
As a result of this heating process, pure silicon is separated. It should be noted that it must be cooled before processing.
Once the sand mixture has cooled enough, we turn it into a powder.
Silicone manufacturing
To prepare silicon, silicon powder is mixed with methyl chloride and heated. The heating process causes a reaction between the compounds to form methylchlorosilane, which contains dimethyldichlorosilane, the main component of silicone. Dimethyldichlorosilane is distilled by heating at different temperatures.
After distillation, water is added to dimethyldichlorosilane, which separates it into disilanol and hydrochloric acid. Disilanol is condensed by hydrochloric acid to form polydimethylsiloxane, which contains siloxane linkages, the silicon backbone. To create the right type of silicone, they polymerize it to make it a rubber-based adhesive.
Making silicone glue
Silicone adhesives and sealants are made from polymerized silicone. When silicone is not dried, it is a very sticky gel or liquid. It is an inert chemical that is safe to use in a variety of applications and is non-toxic.
The end result of producing silicone adhesives is a flexible heat resistant adhesive that can be used for electronics, automotive and construction.
All kinds of silicone adhesives
There are many different types of silicone adhesives and sealants, and the strong flexibility of silicone adhesives makes them a very popular solution for a large number of applications.
Thermal or fireproof silicone glue (RTV silicone)
Thermal silicone adhesive is resistant to aging, vibration and impact due to its temperature tolerance of more than 600 degrees Fahrenheit or 315. It is a liquid glue that looks like a gel.
High temperature silicone is an RTV silicone that takes 24-48 hours to dry depending on how thick it is.
RTV silicone is a mild adhesive that creates a cushioning texture when bonding two surfaces and is often used for electrical insulation due to its high resistance to atmospheric agents and chemicals.
Unlike other silicone adhesives that last more than 24 hours, RTV silicone begins to dry as soon as it is exposed to air; That is why it is kept in a closed container.
Universal silicone glue (multipurpose)
All purpose silicone rubber glue has all the usual properties of silicone glue. Because of its waterproof properties, it is often used for marine and aquatic applications as a means of sealing and waterproofing.
Silicone rubber adhesive does not crack or deteriorate over time.
Thermal or fireproof silicone glue (RTV silicone)
Thermal silicone adhesive is resistant to aging, vibration and impact due to its temperature tolerance of more than 600 degrees Fahrenheit or 315. It is a liquid glue that looks like a gel.
High temperature silicone is an RTV silicone that takes 24-48 hours to dry depending on how thick it is.
RTV silicone is a mild adhesive that creates a cushioning texture when bonding two surfaces and is often used for electrical insulation due to its high resistance to atmospheric agents and chemicals.
Unlike other silicone adhesives that last more than 24 hours, RTV silicone begins to dry as soon as it is exposed to air; That is why it is kept in a closed container.
Universal silicone glue (multipurpose)
All purpose silicone rubber glue has all the usual properties of silicone glue. Because of its waterproof properties, it is often used for marine and aquatic applications as a means of sealing and waterproofing.
Silicone rubber adhesive does not crack or deteriorate over time.
Single component silicone adhesive
One-component silicone adhesives do not need to mix the adhesive with another agent. They offer all the advantages of silicone adhesives, including the ability to maintain their elastic properties over a wide range of temperatures.
One-component silicone adhesive is available in different hardnesses and viscosities with specific degrees of optical clarity. As with other forms of silicone adhesives, drying speed depends on the thickness of the application.
One-component silicone adhesive is available in different hardnesses and viscosities with specific degrees of optical clarity. As with other forms of silicone adhesives, drying speed depends on the thickness of the application.
Two-component silicone adhesive
Two-component silicone adhesives have an adhesive and a separate hardener. They are mixed shortly before use so that the silicone adhesive achieves the desired physical properties.
The reaction between the hardener and the glue starts immediately after mixing, and the reaction process affects the viscosity of the glue.
The reaction between the hardener and the glue starts immediately after mixing, and the reaction process affects the viscosity of the glue.
Fluorosilicone glue
Fluorosilicone glue contains trifluoropropyl. Trifluoropropyl increases the adhesive’s chemical resistance to solvents, fuels, oils, acids and alkalis beyond silicone adhesives.
This adhesive has excellent mechanical properties and bonds well with any type of substrate.
This adhesive is available in one-component and two-component models in the market, which are similar to silicone adhesives, one part or one component is exposed to air and two parts or two components need to be mixed, and they are mostly called facade silicones and resistant silicones. are known
Pressure sensitive silicone adhesives (PSA)
The term pressure-sensitive adhesive refers to adhesives that establish a strong bond with objects when dry and at normal temperature with hand and finger pressure.
Pressure-sensitive silicone adhesives are made of synthetic elastomers that are resistant to high temperatures and adhere to low-energy substrates.
They are attached to some type of material such as plastic, fabric, paper or metal that adheres to a surface when pressure is applied. PSAs are made of polymer chains with large molecules linked by repeating chains of smaller molecules.
The unique properties of PSAs make it possible to design and formulate them for various purposes, including masking tape, films for screen protection, and easy installation of electronic insulation. They come in different packages and are resistant to exposure to extreme weather and environmental changes. PSAs bond well with hard, wet surfaces and low energy substrates.
PSAs are long-lasting, but can be easily removed without leaving any trace. They are adapted as a biocompatible, hypoallergenic and non-invasive adhesive for bandages, dressings and surgical tape. The main attraction of PSAs for medical use is their ability to inhibit bacterial growth and prevent harmful substances during the healing process.
Although all PSAs perform the same and have similar properties, their adhesion and adhesion can be adjusted for different viscosities and curing kinetics.
Their properties can be further customized by changing the coating process and changing the layers.
In principle, PSAs can be formulated to specifically meet the needs and requirements of a wide variety of applications.
Silicone pressure adhesives have exceptional bond strength and act as a flexible sealant with the properties of a gel. They are flexible at lower temperatures and resistant to UV rays and solvents.
Silicone aquarium glue
Aquarium silicone glue is one of the glues that are used for aquariums and glass, and it is used to prevent tank leaks and to stick rocks, wood, metal and many other surfaces.
And since its transparent aquarium glue does not leave any traces of glue after drying, it is the ideal glue for use in the aquarium.
Silicone aquarium adhesive has a gel-like appearance and is very easy to use. Silicone aquarium glue takes about 24 hours to process.
And since its transparent aquarium glue does not leave any traces of glue after drying, it is the ideal glue for use in the aquarium.
Silicone aquarium adhesive has a gel-like appearance and is very easy to use. Silicone aquarium glue takes about 24 hours to process.
Tabrizi Glue Commercial Production Group, the producer and supplier of all kinds of aquarium glues, can supply your need for this glue.
Click here to view our store products.
Materials that silicone adhesives adhere to. (Usable levels for silicone glue)
Silicone adhesives are widely used adhesives due to their many properties, including the ability to maintain adhesion in different temperature ranges. These adhesives are able to reduce thermal stress between surfaces with different expansion and contraction coefficients.
One of the major advantages of silicone adhesives is how well they can maintain their bond regardless of the environment. This unique feature makes them an ideal source for several applications, including medical ones.
ceramic
Ceramic material is a highly flexible non-metallic and inorganic product that is wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant, thermally stable, exceptionally strong, and can act as an electrical insulator. There is a wide variety of products available that are made from ceramics, and they are the materials that engineers rely on. Silicone adhesives offer the ability to bond ceramic materials with different substrates that have chemical compositions that are unsuitable for bonding with ceramics.
metal
Silicone adhesives are used to bond metals.
In order for other adhesives to bond metals together, they must be specially formulated, but this is not the case with silicone adhesives.
One or two component silicone adhesives can bond any metal surfaces together. Changes in drying time depend on the amount of glue applied and the type of metal.
In order for other adhesives to bond metals together, they must be specially formulated, but this is not the case with silicone adhesives.
One or two component silicone adhesives can bond any metal surfaces together. Changes in drying time depend on the amount of glue applied and the type of metal.
Wood
Silicone glue is the strongest and most widely used glue. It provides a strong bond, is flexible and seals during application. The fact that it is resistant to UV rays, temperature changes and water makes it ideal for use with wood.
Among other surfaces on which silicone adhesives can be used
aluminium
Concrete
Mina
Fiberglass composites
Glass
Plastic
Porcelain
stainless steel
Rock
Plastering
wall board
Also read:
What is the silicone glue solvent? (How to remove silicone glue from different surfaces)
The best brands of aquarium silicone glue
Features of silicone adhesive
Temperature resistance
One of the important and good reasons that an adhesive can have is that it does not lose its properties against changes in temperature and does not cause changes in the surface, therefore, silicone adhesives, having this property and characteristic, are one of the most widely used adhesives. has become in the industry.
Flexible
Although silicone adhesives create a strong bond between surfaces, they do not harden, and considering that for many applications, flexibility in a bonding agent is a critical necessity, this adhesive is a good choice for these applications.
Durability
Having durability for an adhesive against other properties of silicone adhesive is of great importance because its durability in stressful and harsh conditions makes it an ideal option for aerospace and extreme weather applications.
Unlike other adhesives, silicone can withstand many environments where other adhesives fail. Manufacturing and industrial operations require that adhesives can withstand the manufacturing process as well as provide stable performance for the products.
Appearance
Although it takes several hours for the silicone adhesive to dry, once it dries and hardens, it is hard to detect due to its transparency. This special feature is the reason why it is used to tape windows and aquariums.
Engineers rely on silicone adhesive to act as a bonding agent but not detract from the aesthetics of the design.
water disposal
The water repellency or impermeability of silicone adhesives is one of its most useful features, and this has led them to be called aquarium adhesives. Also, this adhesive is also known as silicone sealants, because it acts like a sealant under the influence of water or Moisture does not enter.
Environmentally safe
Modern manufacturing and production have a growing concern about their environmental impact and environmental footprint. Sustainability has become a major concern during the development of new products as society has become increasingly aware of the negative impact of various harmful substances.
Considering that the ingredients of silicone adhesives are taken from natural elements, it has very little impact on the environment. Silicone adhesives are resistant to most chemicals and do not react chemically, which emphasizes its environmental safety.
Applications of silicone adhesive
When engineers are designing and developing a project, every aspect of the project is planned down to the smallest detail, including the choice of an adhesive. Industrial applications require materials to be durable and long-lasting due to the harsh and stressful conditions that products may be exposed to.
The strength and endurance of silicone adhesives, as well as their non-chemical reaction, have made them the first choice for many industries.
Home repairs and maintenance
Probably the most common and popular use of silicone adhesive is in home improvement projects, where it is especially useful for joints and cracks. Water-resistant silicone sealant is used regularly to fill holes and to seal any gaps and seams. You can also use it to smooth surfaces.
Sealant and glue for glass
Sealant and glue for glass
Silicone adhesive is an excellent sealant that surpasses the capabilities of most other adhesives. Known to be flexible and durable, it has strong bonding properties that can be applied to almost any surface including plastic, metal and glass.
Silicone glue is often used to seal glass in aquariums. With its waterproof properties, it provides an ideal solution for manufacturers of glass tanks. It is also used for glass-on-glass applications, including glass decorations and artwork.
Silicone glue is often used to seal glass in aquariums. With its waterproof properties, it provides an ideal solution for manufacturers of glass tanks. It is also used for glass-on-glass applications, including glass decorations and artwork.
Construction sealants and adhesives
Commonly used in commercial and residential construction, silicone adhesive is used as a sealant or adhesive on materials exposed to extreme weather conditions, including direct sunlight, rain, high winds, or freezing temperatures. to be
This includes sealing glass windows in buildings as well as sealing gaps between windows and glass frames. Silicone glue is also used as bathroom glaze and sealant.
This includes sealing glass windows in buildings as well as sealing gaps between windows and glass frames. Silicone glue is also used as bathroom glaze and sealant.
Cars, electronic devices, and home appliances
Silicone glue is used in the production of all kinds of goods from cars to household appliances. Its ability to withstand extreme temperatures makes it an ideal bonding agent or sealant for the production of durable goods.
It is also effective for many automotive engine applications, often used in car washers that have a high temperature environment.
In addition to automobiles, silicone adhesive is used in the manufacture of electronic devices and household appliances. Here it is used both as a sealant and as a bonding agent. It is usually used to seal cables and sensors in household appliances and electronic devices.
It is also effective for many automotive engine applications, often used in car washers that have a high temperature environment.
In addition to automobiles, silicone adhesive is used in the manufacture of electronic devices and household appliances. Here it is used both as a sealant and as a bonding agent. It is usually used to seal cables and sensors in household appliances and electronic devices.
Skin prosthesis
This glue is used in the film industry to create illusions of prosthetics on the skin of actors. For many years, several forms of adhesives and bonding chemicals have been tested with some very harmful effects. In recent decades, silicone adhesives have been recognized as the best method for securing and using prostheses. It is odorless and does not cause discomfort to the skin. After placing the prosthesis, the curing process is activated by pressing on the prosthesis.
Dental glue
The elasticity of silicone adhesives makes them an ideal adhesive for use in dentistry. Because silicone adhesives are chemically inert, they are safe to use when placing prosthetic devices in the mouth. In most cases, dentists use the appliance, glue it in place, and cure the glue with UV light.
Medical products
Medical products have several complex parts that must be permanently connected and tightly sealed. Silicone adhesives are used because of their ability to stick to different surfaces.
Medical products are made using polycarbonate because it can be easily shaped and molded. Also, polyamide or nylon is used for tubes and catheters, as well as titanium, which is used for implants such as pacemakers, cochlear implants, hydrocephalic shunts, and infusion pumps.
Each of the ingredients used to manufacture medical products must follow the strict guidelines of the American Medical Association (AMA) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Silicone adhesives are inert and ideal for use in the manufacture of medical products. They create a very tight seal and have a long shelf life, which is essential for medical devices.
It is better to know:
If you want your silicone adhesive to match the color of the material you’re using it on, you’ll need to choose a silicone caulk or sealant that matches the color. This is because you cannot paint over silicone.
Second, silicone sealants are not designed to withstand very heavy loads. This is why you should never use it on load-bearing structures.
Finally, read the instructions carefully because there may be additional preparations you need to make before using the sealant. This is especially true if you are working on wood or metal surfaces.
